Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
5
RECOMMENDATIONS
7
INTRODUCTION
9
BACKGROUND
10
I.
THE DEPORTATION PROCESS
OFFICIAL STATISTICS
III.
PUSH FACTORS THAT FORCE PEOPLE TO MIGRATE TO SOUTH AFRICA
IV.
DIFFICULTIES WITH ACCESS TO DOCUMENTATION
A)
ASYLUM SEEKERS AND REFUGEES
B)
THE ZIMBABWE DISPENSATION PROJECT
10
11
12
13
13
16
METHODOLOGY
17
I.
DATA GATHERING METHODS
ACCESS
III.
CONTACT WITH GOVERNMENT
IV.
QUALITATIVE DATA
V.
QUANTITATIVE DATA
VI.
DATA ANALYSIS
17
18
18
18
19
19
CORE PRINCIPLES OF APPLICABLE LAW
20
KEY RULES UNDER THE IMMIGRATION ACT AND REGULATIONS:
KEY RULES UNDER THE CONSTITUTION AND PROMOTION OF ADMINISTRATION OF JUSTICE ACT (PAJA):
OTHER LEGAL PROVISIONS:
20
21
21
ARRESTS AND INITIAL DETENTION
21
I.
RIGHTS
REASONABLE GROUNDS FOR SUSPICION
III.
VERIFICATION
IV.
HARASSMENT
V.
CORRUPTION
VI.
INFORMED IN WRITING
22
23
23
25
26
27
DETENTION
28
I.
LINDELA DETENTION CENTRE
ACCESS TO LINDELA
III.
LENGTH OF DETENTION
IV.
RELEASE AND RE‐ARREST CYCLE
V.
ACCESS TO MEDICAL CARE
29
30
31
31
32
DEPORTATION
34
I.
DEPORTATION OF ASYLUM SEEKERS AND REFUGEES
SPECIAL POSITION OF ZIMBABWEAN MIGRANTS: DEPORTATIONS DURING MORATORIUM
III.
DEPORTATION DESPITE A COURT ORDER FOR RELEASE
VI.
DETAINEES PAYING TO BE DEPORTED
34
35
35
35
LIMPOPO
36
I.
CHILDREN IN DETENTION
VIOLENCE AND BRUTALITY
III.
REFUGEE RECEPTION CENTRE IN MUSINA
IV.
XENOPHOBIA IN MUSINA/BEITBRIDGE
38
39
40
40
COST OF DEPORTATION—FINANCIAL IMPLICATIONS FOR THE TAXPAYER
41
CONCLUSION
42
II.
II.
II.
II.
II.
II.
3